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Implementation of the Independent Learning Concept in Understanding Contemporary and Controversial History in Indonesia and Malaysia
Abstract
ABSTRACT: Learning History in schools requires new paradigms and practices that enable history teachers and students studying History to have creative and imaginative thinking skills. This article–using a qualitative approach and analytical-descriptive explanation, as well as the results of literature reading, field observations, and FGD (Focus Group Discussion) with History teachers from Indonesia and Malaysia–examines Creative Pedagogy, an art of teaching which offers new perspectives and ways to develop the ability of educators and students involved in History Education to get used to "divergent" thinking. This skill is especially useful in understanding key concepts in the discipline of History, namely: Facts and Interpretation; Evidence and Causality; and Text and Context. The process of learning History, dealing with contemporary events and controversial issues in History Textbooks for Secondary Schools, must free educators and participants from the confines of an uncreative tradition. Finally, the ability to remember and memorize must be accompanied and developed with creative imagination and elaboration abilities, and must be taken into assessment of the process and results of History learning.
KEY WORDS: History Learning; Creative Pedagogy; Ability to Remember and Elaborate.
About the Authors: Suwirta, M.Hum. is a Doctoral Student by Research at the History Education Study Program of FPIPS UPI (Faculty of Social Studies Education, Indonesian University of Education) in Bandung. Prof. Dr. Nana Supriatna is a Lecturer at the History Education Study Program of FPIPS UPI in Bandung, West Java, Indonesia. Prof. Dr. Ismail Ali is Lecturer at the Department of History, Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities UMS (Malaysia University of Sabah) in Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia. Corresponding Authors: suciandi@upi.edu
Suggested Citation: Suwirta, Nana Supriatna & Ismail Ali. (2022). “Implementation of the Independent Learning Concept in Understanding Contemporary and Controversial History in Indonesia and Malaysia” in TAWARIKH: Journal of Historical Studies, Volume 14(1), October, pp.75-88. Bandung, Indonesia: Minda Masagi Suci Foundation and ASPENSI, with ISSN 2085-0980 (print) and ISSN 2685-2284 (online).
Article Timeline: Accepted (June 22, 2022); Revised (July 21, 2022); and Published (October 30, 2022).
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.2121/tawarikh.v14i1.1487
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