AUTHOR(S) GUIDELINES
ONLINE SUBMISSIONS
STATISTICS
FOCUS AND SCOPE
ISSN
ARTICLE TEMPLATE
The Analysis of Behavior and the Participation of Mentally Disordered Voters in the 2019’s Simultaneous Elections in Banda Aceh, Indonesia
Abstract
ABSTRACT: This research utilized a descriptive qualitative method. The research results show that there are some factors that influenced the voter's behavior in casting their vote, i.e. the social setting in the Aceh mental hospital; and the influence also came from similar religion and ethnic group of the candidates with the voters. The research results also show that their participation includes involvement in the Election socialization conducted by Banda Aceh Independent Election Commission, and their involvement was limited to only voting on Election Day. Based on the research results, some conclusions can be made. Firstly, the tendency of mentally-disordered voters' behavior in deciding their votes was based on the sociological approach if they had been normal voters. However, they were the voters who were under the influence of drugs taken before voting. Secondly, their participation was considered passive participation if they had been normal voters. However, mentally-disordered voters were the voters experiencing a mental illness, so their awareness to participate in the Election was due to mobilization and guidance made by Banda Aceh Independent Election Commission in socialization regarding the Election and guidance provided by psychiatrists.
KEY WORD: Simultaneous Election; Mentally-Disordered Voters; Voters’ Behavior.
RESUME: “Analisis Perilaku dan Partisipasi Pemilih Gangguan Mental dalam Pemilihan Umum Serentak 2019 di Banda Aceh, Indonesia”. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ada beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi perilaku pemilih dalam memberikan suara, yaitu lingkungan sosial di RS (Rumah Sakit) Jiwa Aceh; dan pengaruh juga berasal dari kesamaan agama dan suku antara calon pemilih dengan pemilih. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa keikutsertaan mereka meliputi keterlibatan dalam sosialisasi PEMILU (Pemilihan Umum) yang dilakukan oleh Komisi Independen Pemilihan Banda Aceh, dan keterlibatan mereka hanya sebatas pemungutan suara pada hari PEMILU. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat ditarik beberapa kesimpulan. Pertama, kecenderungan perilaku pemilih tuna grahita dalam memutuskan suara didasarkan pada pendekatan sosiologis jika mereka adalah pemilih biasa. Namun, mereka adalah para pemilih yang sedang dalam pengaruh obat-obatan yang diminum sebelum pencoblosan. Kedua, partisipasi mereka dianggap partisipasi pasif jika mereka adalah pemilih biasa. Namun, pemilih tuna grahita adalah pemilih yang mengalami gangguan jiwa, sehingga kesadaran mereka untuk mengikuti PEMILU dikarenakan mobilisasi dan arahan yang dilakukan oleh KPU (Komisi Pemilihan Umum) Banda Aceh dalam sosialisasi terkait PEMILU dan bimbingan yang diberikan oleh psikiater.
KATA KUNCI: Pemilihan Umum Serentak; Pemilih dengan Gangguan Mental; Perilaku Pemilih.
About the Authors: Dr. Effendi Hasan is a Lecturer at the Study Program of Political Science FISIP UNSYIAH (Faculty of Social and Political Sciences, Syiah Kuala University), Banda Aceh, Indonesia. Raudhah Tusnur, S.I.P. is a Researcher at the Study Program of Political Science FISIP UNSYIAH. Ardiansyah, M.A. is a Lecturer at the Study Program of Political Science FISIP UNSYIAH, Banda Aceh, Indonesia. Corresponding Authors: effendi@unsyiah.ac.id, raudhahtusnur96@gmail.com, and ardy_zain@yahoo.com
Suggested Citation: Hasan, Effendi, Raudhah Tusnur & Ardiansyah. (2020). “The Analysis of Behavior and the Participation of Mentally Disordered Voters in the 2019’s Simultaneous Elections in Banda Aceh, Indonesia” in SOSIOHUMANIKA: Jurnal Pendidikan Sains Sosial dan Kemanusiaan, Volume 13(2), November, pp.79-92. Bandung and Banda Aceh, Indonesia: Minda Masagi Press owned by ASPENSI and FISIP UNSYIAH, with ISSN 1979-0112 (print) and ISSN 2622-6855 (online).
Article Timeline: Accepted (September 9, 2020); Revised (October 9, 2020); and Published (November 30, 2020).
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Adian, (2014). ”1 dari 1.000 Orang Derita Gangguan Jiwa Berat”. Available online at: http://lampost.co/berita/1-dari-1.000-orang-derita-gangguan-jiwaberat [accessed in Banda Aceh, Indonesia, October 20, 2019].
Ahmed, S. et al. (2012). “Reasons for Political Interest and Apathy among University Students: A Qualitative Study” in Pakistan Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology. Available online also at: http://www.gcu.edu.pk/FullTextJour/PJSCS/2012old/10.pdf [accessed in Banda Aceh, Indonesia: May 9, 2019].
Alvarez, R.M. et al. (2013). Evaluating Elections: A Handbook of Methods and Standards. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Aminah & Roikan. (2019). Pengantar Metode Penelitian Kualitatif Ilmu Politik. Jakarta: Prenadamedia Group.
Ansori, Mohammad Hasan et al. (2015). Post-Conflict Democracy, Violence, and Peace-Building in Aceh and Maluku: National Violence Monitoring System (NVMS/SNPK). Jakarta: THC [The Habibie Center] Publisher.
Bawaslu [Badan Pengawas Pemilihan Umum]. (2019). Indeks Kerawanan Pemilu Tahun 2019. Jakarta: Sekretariat Jenderal Bawaslu.
Creswell, J.W. (2014). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage 4th edition.
Eddyono, Luthfi Widagdo. (2018). “The Constitutional Court and Consolidation of Democracy in Indonesia” in Jurnal Konstitusi, Vol.15, No.1 [Maret], pp.1-26. Available online also at: https://media.neliti.com/media/publications/238254-the-constitutional-court-and-consolidati-4c243de6.pdf [accessed in Banda Aceh, Indonesia: May 20, 2019].
Efriza. (2012). Political Explore: Sebuah Kajian Ilmu Politik. Bandung: Alfabeta.
Elizabeth, Misbah Zulfa. (2017). “Pilkada Bersih, Jujur, dan Adil sebagai Cita-cita” in Prosiding Seminar Nasional: Strategi Pembangunan Daerah Kepulauan, organized by FISIP UMRAH.
Fahlevi, Indra et al. (2012). Pemilu Serentak dalam Sistem Pemerintahan Indonesia. Yogyakarta: Penerbit P3DI [Pusat Pengkajian, Pengolahan Data dan informasi].
Farida & Yudi. (2010). Buku Ajar Keperawatan Jiwa. Jakarta: Salemba Medika.
Flores, T.E. & Irfan Nooruddin. (2016). Election in Hard Times: Building Stroneger Democracies in the 21st Century. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Glaser, Barney G. & Frances Strauss. (2017). Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research. New York: Routledge.
Gustomy, R. (2017). “Partisipasi Politik Difabel di 2 Kota” in IJDS: Indonesian Journal of Disability Studies, Volume 4(1), pp.51-62.
Halalia, Mugi Riskiana. (2016). “Pemenuhan Hak Politik Penyandang Disabilitas sesuai dengan Undang-Undang Nomor 8 Tahun 2016 tentang Penyandang Disabilitas oleh Komisi Pemilihan Umum (KPU) Kota Yogyakarta”. Unpublished Master Thesis. Yogyakarta: Fakultas Syari’ah dan Hukum UIN [Universitas Islam Negeri] Sunan Kalijaga. Available online also at: http://digilib.uin-suka.ac.id/24745/2/11340118_BAB-I_IV-atau-V_DAFTAR-PUSTAKA.pdf [accessed in Banda Aceh, Indonesia: April 10, 2019].
Hartini, Nurul et al. (2018). “Stigma toward People with Mental Health Problems in Indonesia” in Psychology Research and Behavior Management, Volume 11, pp.535-541. doi: 10.2147/PRBM.S175251.
Hasan, Effendi & Nofriadi. (2019). “The Electability of a Female Legislative Candidate in the 2019 Simultaneous Local Election in Banda Aceh, Indonesia” in TAWARIKH: Journal of Historical Studies, Volume 11(1), October, pp.65-78. Bandung, Indonesia: Minda Masagi Press owned by ASPENSI, with ISSN 2085-0980 (print) and ISSN 2685-2284 (online).
Herdiansah, Ari Ganjar. (2019). “Political Participation Convergence in Indonesia: A Study of Partisan Volunteers in the 2019 Election” in Jurnal Politik, Vol.4, No.2 [Maret], pp.263-296. Available online also at: http://jurnalpolitik.ui.ac.id/index.php/jp/article/view/225 [accessed in Banda Aceh, Indonesia: January 15, 2020].
Herdiansah, Ari Ganjar & Widya Setiabudi Sumadinata. (2019). “Indonesia’s Political Culture in the New Digital Age: A Preliminary Discussion” in Masyarakat, Kebudayaan, dan Politik, Vol.32, Iss.4, pp.378-389.
Heywood, Andrew. (2012). Politik. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar, Translation, edisi ke-4.
Hillman, Ben. (2011). “Electoral Governance and Democratic Consolidation in Indonesia” in Indonesia Quarterly, Volume 3, pp.311-323.
Huda, Uu Nurul. (2019). “The Position and Authority of the Election Supervisory Board in Indonesian Constitutional System” in UNIFIKASI: Jurnal Ilmu Hukum, Volume 6(1), pp.71-82. DOI: 10.25134/unifikasi.v6i1.1807.
Interview with Respondent A, a Chairman of the Election Independence Commission of Banda Aceh, in Banda Aceh, Aceh Darussalam, Indonesia, on 16th October 2019.
Interview with Respondent B, a Head of Aceh Mental Hospital, in Banda Aceh, Aceh Darussalam, Indonesia, on 22nd October 2019.
Irmansyah, I., Y.A. Prasetyo & H. Minas. (2009). “Human Rights of Persons with Mental Illness in Indonesia: More than Legislation is Needed” in International Journal of Mental Health Systems, Volume 3(1), pp.1-14. Available online also at: https://doi.org/10.1186/1752-4458-3-14 [accessed in Banda Aceh, Indonesia: April 21, 2019].
Ishak, Salim. (2015). “Perspektif Disabilitas dalam Pemilu 2014 dan Kontribusi Gerakan Difabel Indonesia bagi Terbangunnya Pemilu Inklusif di Indonesia” in THE POLITIC, Vol.1, No.2 [July], pp.127-155. Published by Program Studi Magister Ilmu Politik FISIP UNHAS [Fakultas Ilmu Sosial dan Ilmu Politik, Universitas Hasanuddin] Makassar, South Sulawesi, Indonesia.
Ishiyama, Jihn T. & Marijke Breuning. (2012). Ilmu Politik dalam Paradigma Abad ke-21, Jilid 2. Jakarta: Kencana Prenada Media Group, Translation.
Karim, Abdul Gaffar, Hasrul Hanif & Wigke Capri Arti [eds]. (2014). State of Local Democracy Assessment in Indonesia (SoLD Indonesia). Yogyakarta: Polgov Press. Available online also at: https://www.idea.int/sites/default/files/pictures/67150.pdf [accessed in Banda Aceh, Indonesia: April 21, 2019].
KPU [Komisi Pemilihan Umum]. (2015). Panduan KPPS Pelaksanaan Pemungutan dan Penghitungan Suara di TPS Pemilhan Umum Kepala Daerah. Jakarta: Penerbit KPU.
“KPU Jemput Bola 130 Pemilih Tunagrahita” in newspaper of Media Indonesia. Jakarta: 10th October 2019. Available online also at: https://mediaindonesia.com/read/detail/229680-kpu-jemput-bola-130-pemilih-tunagrahita [accessed in Banda Aceh, Indonesia: March 11, 2020].
Lee, A. et al. (2017). Inovasi Pemilu: Mengatasi Tantangan, Memanfaatkan Peluang. Jakarta: Penerbit KPU [Komisi Pemilihan Umum].
Lestari, P. et al. (2014). “Kecenderungan atau Sikap Keluarga Penderita Gangguan Jiwa terhadap Tindakan Pasung: Studi Kasus di RSJ Amino Gondho Hutomo Semarang” in Jurnal Keperawatan Jiwa, Vol.2, No.1, pp.14-23.
Lestari, E.Y. & N. Arumsari. (2018). “Partisipasi Politik Pemilih Pemula pada Pemilihan Walikota Semarang di Kota Semarang” in INTEGRALISTIK, Volume 29(1), pp.10-20.
Maiwan, Mohammad & Muhammad Zid. (2017). “Mengawal Pelaksanaan Pemilukada Serentak 2018 sebagai Upaya Revitalisasi dan Peningkatan Mutu Demokrasi di Indonesia” in Prosiding Seminar Nasional Strategi Pembangunan Daerah Kepulauan, organized by FISIP UMRAH.
Marijan, Kacung. (2013). Ilmu Politik: Paradigma Abad ke-21. Surabaya: n.p. [no publisher].
Merly, Mario. (2015). “Aksesibilitas Pemilu 2014 dan Implikasinya terhadap Ketahanan Politik: Studi tentang Persepsi Mahasiswa Penyandang Disabilitas di Pusat Layanan Difabel UIN Sunan Kalijaga, Yogyakarta” in Jurnal Ketahanan Nasional, Vol.21, No.2 [August], pp.61-77.
Nachmias, Chava F. & David Nachmias. (2014). Research Methods in the Social Sciences. New York: Worth Publishers.
Natsir, Abdul & Abdul Muhith. (2011). Dasar-dasar Keperawatan Jiwa: Pengantar dan Teori. Jakarta: Salemba Medika.
Navit, S. et al. (2014). “Interrelationship of Intelligence Quotient with Caries and Gingivitis” in JIOH: Journal of International Oral Health, Volume 6(4), pp.56-62.
Noor, Juliansyah. (2011). Metodologi Penelitian. Jakarta: Prenada Media Group.
Nurbayani, S., E. Malihah & M.N. Alya. (2015). “Social Responsibility for People with Mental Disorder”. Paper for the 1st UPI International Conference on Sociology Education (UPI ICSE). Available online also at: http://repository.upi.edu/24390/6/Proc_2015_ICSE_06_Artikel_2.pdf [accessed in Banda Aceh, Indonesia: October 9, 2019].
Pamungkas, Sigit. (2010). Pemilu, Perilaku Pemilih, dan Kepartaian. Yogyakarta: Institue for Democracy and Welfarism.
“Panti Sosial Tuna Grahita Minta KPU Menambah Sosialisasi” in news of RRI: Radio Republik Indonesia. Jakarta: August 2019. Available online also at: http://rri.co.id/post/berita/658668/pemilu_2019/panti_sosial_tuna_grahita_minta_kpu_menambah_sosialisasi.html [accessed in Banda Aceh, Indonesia: March 11, 2020].
Pawestri, A. (2017). “Hak Penyandang Disabilitas dalam Perspektif HAM Internasional dan HAM Nasional” in ERA HUKUM: Jurnal Ilmiah Ilmu Hukum, Volume 15(1).
“Pemilu Belum Aksesibel bagi Disabilitas” in magazine of INDEPENDEN. Banda Aceh: July 12, 2019. Available online also at: https://independen.id/read/politik/860/pemilu-belum-aksesibel-bagi-disabilitas/ [accessed in Banda Aceh, Indonesia: March 11, 2020].
RSJ [Rumah Sakit Jiwa] Banda Aceh. (2018). “Profil Rumah Sakit Jiwa Aceh”. Available online at: https://rsj.acehprov.go.id/index.php/profil/read/2018/09/17/106/profil-rumah-sakit-jiwa-aceh.html [accessed in Banda Aceh, Indonesia: October 20, 2019].
Sabatini, Afriliya. (2018). “Partisipasi Politik Penyandang Disabilitas dalam Pemilihan Kepala Daerah Kota Pekanbaru Tahun 2017 di Kecamatan Tenayan Raya, Pekan Baru” in Jurnal JOM UNRI, Vol.5, No.1 [April]. Available online also at: https://jom.unri.ac.id/index.php/JOMFSIP/article/view/17463/16867 [accessed in Banda Aceh, Indonesia: April 4, 2019].
Sarbaini. (2015). “Demokratisasi dan Kebebasan Memilih Warga Negara dalam Pemilihan Umum” in Jurnal Jakarta, Vol.8, No.1 [Januari]. Available online also at: https://media.neliti.com/media/publications/43232-ID-demokratisasi-dan-kebebasan-memilih-warga-negara-dalam-pemilihan-umum.pdf [accessed in Banda Aceh, Indonesia: April 4, 2019].
Sardini, Nur Hidayat. (2018a). “Badan Pengawas Pemilihan Umum: Peluang dan Tantangan Menciptakan Integritas Pemilu Tahun 2019” in Jurnal Analisis Sosial Politik, Volume 4(2).
Sardini, Nur Hidayat. (2018b). “Prinsip Satu-Kesatuan Fungsi di dalam Sistem Penyelenggaraan Pemilu di Indonesia” in Prosiding Konferensi Nasional Hukum Tata Negara ke-5, Pusat Studi Konstitusi (Pusako), Fakultas Hukum Universitas Andalas, Batusangkar, November 9-12.
Sardini, Nur Hidayat. (2019). “Evaluasi Pemilu Tahun 2019 dan Masa Depan Demokrasi Indonesia”. Paper for Seminar Nasional dan Musyawarah Nasional Asosiasi Program Studi Ilmu Politik Indonesia (APSIPOL) II, di Purwokerto, Jawa Tengah, Indonesia, on August 5-6.
Schroder, Peter. (2013). Strategi Politik. Jakarta: Friedrich Naumann Stiftung fur die Freiheit, Translation.
Schroeder, H. (2012). “The Importance of Human Resource Management in Strategic Sustainability: An Art and Science Perspective” in Journal of Environmental Sustainability, Volume 2(2), pp.75-82.
Soehandry, Ely. (2017). “Partisipasi Pemilih pada Pemilihan Umum di Kecamatan Tebing Tinggi, Kabupaten Kepulauan Meranti, Tahun 2010-2015, Riau” in Media Penelitian, Vol.4, No.1 [February]. Avaiable online also at: https://media.neliti.com/media/publications/129391-ID-partisipasi-pemilih-pada-pemilihan-umum.pdf [accessed in Banda Aceh, Indonesia, April 4, 2019].
Suharyanto, A. (2014). “Partisipasi Politik Masyarakat Tionghoa dalam Pemilihan Kepala Daerah” in JPPUMA: Jurnal Ilmu Pemerintahan dan Sosial Politik Universitas Medan Area, Volume 2(2), pp.151-160.
Surbakti, Ramlan. (2010). Memahami Ilmu Politik. Jakarta: PT Grasindo.
Sutinah & Nofrida Saswati. (2019). “Psychoeducation Therapy Reduces Burden and Improves Family Ability in Caring for Mental Retardation Children”. Unpublished Academic Paper. Jambi: STIKES [Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Kesehatan] Harapan Ibu.
TY [Tim Yuridis] Jakarta. (2015) “Putusan Mahkamah Konstitusi mengenai Keterlibatan Orang dengan Gangguan Jiwa sebagai Pemilih pada Pemilu”. Available online at: https://yuridis.id/wpcontent/uploads/2018/04/Hak-Pilih-Bagi-Pengidap-gangguan-jiwa-non-permanen.pdf [accessed in Banda Aceh, Indonesia: May 9, 2019].
Yandra, A. (2017). “Fisibilitas Pilkada Serentak Tahap II Kota Pekanbaru Pasca Permendagri No.18 Tahun 2015” in Jurnal Niara, Volume 9(2), pp.62-67.
“5.000 Tunagrahita Mesti Didata Sebelum Jadi Peserta Pemilu 2019” in magazine of TEMPO. Jakarta: November 22. Available online also at: https://difabel.tempo.co/read/1148523/5-000-tunagrahita-mesti-didata-sebelum-jadi-peserta-pemilu-2019 [accessed in Banda Aceh, Indonesia: March 11, 2020].
DOI: https://doi.org/10.2121/sosiohumanika.v13i2.1383
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
SOSIOHUMANIKA: Jurnal Pendidikan Sains Sosial dan Kemanusiaan is published by Minda Masagi Press. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-Sharealike 4.0.