Preventing Religious Radicalism Based on Local Wisdom: Interrelation of Tarekat, Adat, and Local Authority in Padang Pariaman, West Sumatera, Indonesia

Abstract

ABSTRACT: The integrated relation between the sufi order of Syattariyah, the Minangkabau tradition or custom, and the local authority of Nagari Sungai Buluah, Sub-District of Batang Anai, Regency of Padang Pariaman, West Sumatera has become a local wisdom that acts as a social capital for the prevention of religious radicalism in the region. The relation is seen from three social domains, such as “bersurau kaum dan bemasjid nagari” (must have little mosque at the community ethnic level and have mosque at district or regency level); “bermamak ibadat dan bermamak adat” (must have Islamic worship leader and custom or tradition’s leader); and “bermufti nagari dan bernagari” (must obey to the Islamic law adviser in the community and must have district or regency). This article, based on the qualitative study, tries to elaborate the position and roles of sufi order, custom, and local wisdoms in preventing the Islamic radicalism in West Sumatera. The findings show that the traditional institutions, such as little mosque and mosques in the village and regency level; Islamic worship and custom leaders; sufi order of Syattariyah, and Islamic law adviser in the regency level have the critical roles in preventing the Islamic radicalism. The radical organizations, such as the LDII (Lembaga Dakwah Islam Indonesia or Indonesia Institute of Islamic Preaching) and “Salafi” (renewel of Islamic thought and movement) cannot growth develop well in Nagari Sungai Buluah, Padang Pariaman, West Sumatera.

KEY WORD: Preventing; Islamic Radicalism; Interrelation of Institutions; Islamic Community; West Sumatera People. 

RESUME: “Mencegah Radikalisme Agama Berdasarkan Kearifan Lokal: Interelasi Tarekat, Adat, dan Otoritas Lokal di Padang Pariaman, Sumatera Barat, Indonesia”. Relasi terintegrasi antara tarekat Syattariyah, adat Minangkabau, dan pemerintahan lokal di Nagari Sungai Buluah, Kecamatan Batang Anai, Kabupaten Padang Pariaman, Sumatera Barat telah menjadi kearifan lokal yang berperan sebagai modal sosial bagi pencegahan radikalisme agama di sebuah nagari. Relasi tersebut terlihat dari tiga domain sosial, seperti “bersurau kaum dan bemasjid nagari”; “bermamak ibadat dan bermamak adat”; serta “bermufti nagari dan bernagari”. Artikel ini, berdasarkan studi kualitatif, berusaha untuk mengelaborasi kedudukan dan peranan tarekat, adat, dan kearifan lokal dalam mencegah faham Islam radikal di Sumatera Barat. Hasil kajian menunjukan bahwa surau dan mesjid nagari; mamak ibadat dan mamak adat; tarekat Syattariyah; dan mufti nagari berperanan penting dalam mencegah faham Islam radikal. Organisasi radikal, seperti LDII (Lembaga Dakwah Islam Indonesia) dan faham Salafi tidak dapat tumbuh dan berkembang dengan baik di Nagari Sungai Buluah, Padang Pariaman, Sumatera Barat.

KATA KUNCI: Pencegahan; Faham Islam Radikal; Interelasi Institusi; Umat Islam; Masyarakat Sumatera Barat.

  

About the Authors: Sefriyono, M.Pd. is a Lecturer at the Faculty of Ushuluddin and Religious Studies UIN (State Islamic University) Padang, Jalan Prof. Mahmud Yunus, Lubuk Lintah, Anduring, Kuranji, Kota Padang, West Sumatera, Indonesia. Dr. Mukhibat is a Lecturer at the Faculty of Tarbiyah and Teaching Science IAIN (State Islamic Religion Institute) Ponorogo, Jalan Pramuka No.156 Ponorogo, East Java, Indonesia. Corresponding authors: yonolbgn@gmail.com and mukhibat@stainponorogo.ac.id

Suggested Citation: Sefriyono & Mukhibat. (2018). “Preventing Religious Radicalism Based on Local Wisdom: Interrelation of Tarekat, Adat, and Local Authority in Padang Pariaman, West Sumatera, Indonesia” in SOSIOHUMANIKA: Jurnal Pendidikan Sains Sosial dan Kemanusiaan, Volume 11(1), May, pp.1-18. Bandung, Indonesia: Minda Masagi Press and UNIPA Surabaya, ISSN 1979-0112.

Article Timeline: Accepted (March 2, 2018); Revised (April 21, 2018); and Published (May 30, 2018).