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Perlaksanaan Boat and Fisheries Ordinance 1914 sebagai Asas Pendidikan Undang-Undang Perikanan kepada Komuniti Nelayan Bajau di Borneo Utara, 1915-1939
Abstract
INTISARI: Undang-Undang Perikanan dan Perahu Tahun 1914 telah diisytiharkan oleh Gabenor BNBCC (British North Borneo Chartered Company) pada tahun 1915 berhubung-kait dengan perihal peraturan-peraturan perikanan dan perahu yang digunakan oleh nelayan Bajau dalam aktiviti-aktiviti mengangkap ikan dan hasil-hasil laut yang lain. Tujuan Undang-Undang (Ordinan) diisytiharkan bukan sahaja untuk mengenalpasti perahu dan jenis-jenis peralatan yang digunakan oleh nelayan Bajau, tetapi juga lebih bertujuan untuk memperolehi hasil pendapatan daripada kutipan bayaran lesen dan cukai pendapatan yang dikenakan. Artikel ini – dengan mengguna-pakai pendekatan kualitatif, kaedah sejarah, dan sorotan literatur – cuba menghuraikan Ordinan dan perlaksanaannya. Dapatan menunjukan bahawa terdapat empat aspek utama yang berkaitan dengan Undang-Undang Perikanan, iaitu penguatkuasaan sistem perlesenan dan pendaftaran perahu; sistem bayaran cukai pendapatan; sistem kredit bagi anak negeri; dan sistem tauke China. Titik tolak daripada perlaksanaan Ordinan ini jelas memperlihatkan satu asas pendidikan Undang-Undang Perikanan kepada komuniti nelayan Bajau di Borneo Utara.
KATA KUNCI: Undang-Undang Perahu dan Perikanan; Perlaksanaan Undang-Undang; Komuniti Nelayan Bajau; Pendidikan; Borneo Utara.
ABSTRACT: “Implementation of the Boat and Fisheries Ordinance of 1914 as the Basis of Education Fishing Laws to Bajau Fishermen's Community in North Borneo, 1915-1939”. The Boat and Fisheries Ordinance of 1914 was declared by Governor of BNBCC (British North Borneo Chartered Company) in 1915 linked to the fisheries and boat regulations used by Bajau fishermen in fishing and other marine products. The purpose of the Ordinance was declared not only to identify the boats and the types of equipment used by Bajau fishermen, but also to seek revenue from the license fees and income taxes imposed. This article – using the qualitative approaches, historical method, and literature review – tries to elaborate to the Ordinance and its implementations. The results showed that there were four main aspects related to Fishery Law, namely the enforcement of licensing and boat registration system; income tax payment system; credit system (native/loan to native) system; and Chinese “tauke” system. Due to these implementation of the Ordinance clearly shows the basis of Fishery Law education to the Bajau fishing community in North Borneo.
KEY WORD: Boat and Fisheries Ordinance; Implementation of Law; Bajau Fishermen’s Community; Education; North Borneo.
About the Author: Mosli Tarsat, Ph.D. adalah Pensyarah Kanan pada Program Sejarah, Fakulti Kemanusiaan, Seni, dan Warisan UMS (Universiti Malaysia Sabah) di Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia. Untuk keterangan lanjut, e-mail penulis adalah: mos_79@ums.edu.my
Suggested Citation: Tarsat, Mosli. (2018). “Perlaksanaan Boat and Fisheries Ordinance 1914 sebagai Asas Pendidikan Undang-Undang Perikanan kepada Komuniti Nelayan Bajau di Borneo Utara, 1915-1939” in HISTORIA: Jurnal Kajian Sejarah di Nusantara dan Dunia, Volume 1(1), December, pp.65-86. Bandung, Indonesia: Minda Masagi Press owned by ASPENSI, p-ISSN 2621-8011 dan e-ISSN 2621-802X.
Article Timeline: Received (August 31, 2018); Revised (October 24, 2018); and Published (December 30, 2018).
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.2121/.v1i1.1175
DOI (PDF): https://doi.org/10.2121/.v1i1.1175.g1039
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HISTORIA: Jurnal Kajian Sejarah di Nusantara dan Dunia (Journal of Historical Studies in Indonesian/Malay Archipelago and the World).
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